Its principal crops include wheat, cotton, rice, vegetables and fruit. The Ferghana Valley (also transliterated as Fergana or Farghana) is historically the main Silk Road route between Kashgar and Samarkand.It is a relatively fertile, populous and prosperous area though much of the surrounding country is mountains, steppe or desert. It is bordered on the northwest by the On arrival in the Fergana Valley many visitors wonder where the valley is. From this broad (22,000 sq km), flat bowl, the surrounding mountain ranges (Tian Shan to the north and the Pamir Alay to the south) seem to stand back at enormous … The Fergana Valley stretches across central Asia forming a crucial part of the northern silk road which historically linked China to the west. From this broad (22,000 sq km), flat bowl, the surrounding mountain ranges (Tian Shan to the north and the Pamir Alay to the south) seem to stand back at enormous distances – when you can see them, that is. The roughly triangular valley has an area of 8,500 square miles (22,000 square km). Compounding these issues is the large population growth expected in Central Asia in general and the Fergana Valley in particular in coming decades.

Syrdarya - the second largest river of Cenral Asia - flows along the valley. This agricultural productivity has made the Fergana Valley the most densely populated part of Central Asia; almost a quarter of the region's total population (14 million out of 63 million) lives in less than 5 percent of the region's total land area.
Therefore, it’s not difficult to believe that Fergana City is a surprisingly wealthy town where you can stay for a couple of days, while you explore the rest of the valley. The Fergana Valley stretches across central Asia forming a crucial part of the northern silk road which historically linked China to the west. On the South, parallel to Syrdarya, there is the Big Fergana Channel. Fergana Valley, enormous depression between the Tien Shan and Gissar and Alay mountain systems, lying mainly in eastern Uzbekistan and partly in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. The Fergana valley is the most populous area in Central Asia. According to U.N. estimates, the population of Central Asia is expected to rise by 15 percent between 2010 and 2020, although each country has already exceeded the U.N. population estimates. The Fergana Valley has long served as a bread basket and trading hub for the civilizations that have occupied the surrounding mountains.

The Fergana Valley's population consists mainly of Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, and Tajiks and is split among Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. The largest are the western portion of the Fergana Valley in the north and the Gissar, Vakhsh, Yavansu, Obikiik, Lower Kofarnihon (Kafirnigan), and Panj (Pyandzh) valleys to the south. The Fergana Valley is also believed to be rich in a number of natural resources, including gold, oil, copper and other raw materials.
Thus, the area has traditionally been ethnically diverse, with substantial Uzbek, Tajik, and Kyrgyz populations which tend to live in large pockets rather than within easily discernible boarders. It is well known that many Uyghurs due to various political and economic reasons, resettled in the different parts of Central Asia. Fergana valley is a spacious cavity surrounded on three sides by Tien- Shan and Pamir-Altay mountain systems. Welcome to Fergana Valley On arrival in the Fergana Valley many visitors wonder where the valley is. The valleys, though important for Tajikistan’s human geography, make up less than one-tenth of the country’s area. The population of Kokand on April 24, 2014 was approximately 187,477.

Its length from the West to the East is 350 km and width is 150 km. The city lies 228 km (142 mi) southeast of Tashkent, 115 km (71 mi) west of Andijan, and 88 km (55 mi) west of Fergana.


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